目的 研究羌活-独活药对(QDHP)调节NF-κB信号通路缓解木瓜蛋白酶诱导的膝骨关节炎(KOA)大鼠膝关节炎症的作用与机制。方法 将25只SPF级SD大鼠随机分组，分为正常组、模型组和给药组(低剂量组QDHP浸膏剂量为2.1 mg/kg,中剂量组为4.2 mg/kg,高剂量组为8.4 mg/kg),5只/组。除正常组外均于第1、4、7天采用4%木瓜蛋白酶溶液与L-同型半胱氨酸混合液诱导造模，末次注射后驱赶14 d,每天15 min;第15天开始给药，2天1次，连续20天。采用游标卡尺记录治疗前后大鼠患侧膝关节横向直径，采用改良奎森行为学评分(Lequesne MG)评估各组实验大鼠行为学变化。取材收集大鼠血清和膝关节，使用番红O-固绿、HE染色分别检测各组大鼠软骨与滑膜组织病理形态，使用ELISA法检测各组大鼠血清促炎因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平，使用Western Blot法检测大鼠关节软骨与滑膜组织NF-κB通路p-IκBα、IκBα及p-p65、p65相关蛋白表达。结果 与模型组比较，给药后除QDHP低剂量组外，QDHP中、高剂量组关节肿胀程度、关节炎指数均显著降低(P<0.05),QDHP各给药组大鼠血清及关节液中TNF-α、IL-1β水平均显著降低，p-IκBα/IκBα、p-p65/p65均明显降低(P<0.01)。结论 QDHP可以改善KOA大鼠关节疼痛、肿胀等症状，作用机制可能与抑制NF-κB信号通路激活进而降低炎症因子水平有关。

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of Qianghuo-Duhuo Herb Pair(QDHP) in modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate papain-induced inflammation in the knee osteoarthritis(KOA) rats. Methods 25 SPF-grade SD rats were randomly grouped into normal, model, QDHP-treated groups(low-dose group: extract dose of 2.1 mg/kg; medium-dose group: extract dose of 4.2 mg/kg; high-dose group: extract dose of 8.4 mg/kg), 5 rats per group. Modeling was induced by 4% papain solution mixed with L-homocysteine on days 1, 4, and 7, except for the normal group, which was allowed to move for 14 days after the last injection for 15 min daily. Dosing started on day 15, once every 2 days for 20 days. Vernier calipers were used to record the transverse diameters of the affected knee joints before and after treatment, and the behavioral changes of rats in each group were assessed by the modified Lequesne MG behavioral score. The serum and knee joints of rats were collected, and the histopathological morphology of cartilage and synovial membrane of rats in each group was examined by safranin O-fast green staining and HE staining; the levels of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α in serum of rats in each group were examined by ELISA; and the expression of the NF-κB pathways p-IκBα, IκBα, p-p65, and p65-associated protein was examined by western blot in the cartilage and synovium of rats in each group. protein expression. Results Compared with the model group, the degree of joint swelling and arthritis index were significantly reduced in the QDHP middle and high dose groups except the QDHP low dose group(P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the serum and joint fluids of the rats in each QDHP-treated group were significantly reduced, and the levels of p-IκBα/IκBα and p-p65/p65 were significantly reduced(P<0.01). Conclusion QDHP can improve the symptoms of joint pain and relieve swelling in KOA rats, and the mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway activation, thereby reducing the levels of inflammatory factors.