目的 评估规范化培训对提升临床输血病历质量的效果，分析影响病历质量的关键因素，并提出相应的改进建议。方法 对贵州中医药大学第二附属医院2017年1月至2023年12月的临床输血病历进行季度抽样评价。每季度随机抽取30份左右输血病历，依据《临床用血工作病历质量检查评分细则》进行评分(总分100分：≥90分为甲级，80～89分为乙级，<80分为丙级)。自2018年起，每年针对临床科室开展不少于2次的输血病历规范化培训，并持续进行质量改进。研究采用质量评分细则分析输血病历质量和采用卡方检验统计分析2017年以后甲级率的差异。结果 共分析854份输血病历，年度分布：2017年127份(14.87%)、2018年123份(14.40%)、2019年130份(15.22%)、2020年117份(13.70%)、2021年116份(13.58%)、2022年125份(14.64%)、2023年116份(13.58%)。各年度甲级率分别为53.54%、68.29%、67.69%、77.78%、71.55%、72.80%、76.72%。与2017年相比，经卡方检验后续各年甲级率均显著提高(P<0.05)。输血病历主要质量问题包括输血前免疫检查漏缺(2017—2023年分别为21.26%、11.38%、4.62%、11.97%、6.90%、6.40%、8.62%)和输血病程记录漏缺或不完整(分别为30.71%、21.14%、20.77%、19.66%、23.28%、18.10%)。外科系统的平均甲级率(21.42%)低于内科系统(48.34%)。结论 规范化的培训能有效提升临床输血病历质量，对保障临床安全用血具有重要意义。

Objective To evaluate the effect of standardized training on improving the quality of clinical blood transfusion records, analyze the key factors affecting record quality, and propose corresponding improvement suggestions. Method Quarterly sampling evaluation of clinical blood transfusion records from January 2017 to December 2023 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Approximately 30 blood transfusion records were randomly selected each quarter and scored according to the "Quality Inspection Scoring Criteria for Clinical Blood Use Records"(total score 100, and ≥90 points for Grade A, 80-89 points for Grade B, <80 points for Grade C). Since 2018, standardized training for blood transfusion recordshad been conducted at least twice a year for clinical departments, with continuous quality improvement. The study was analyzed the quality of blood transfusion records using quality scoring criteria and employs chi-square test statistical analysis to assess the differences in the grade A rate after 2017. Result A total of 854 blood transfusion records were analyzed, with annual distribution that 127 records in 2017(14.87%), 123 in 2018(14.40%), 130 in 2019(15.22%), 117 in 2020(13.70%), 116 in 2021(13.58%), 125 in 2022(14.64%), and 116 in 2023(13.58%). The Grade A rates for each year were 53.54%, 68.29%,67.69%, 77.78%, 71.55%, 72.80%, 76.72%, respectively. Compared to 2017, the Grade A rates in subsequent years significantly increased after chi-square testing(P<0.05). The main quality issues in blood transfusion records were included missing pre-transfusion immunologicalchecks that 21.26%, 11.38%, 4.62%, 11.97%, 6.90%, 6.40%, 8.62% from 2017 to 2023 and incomplete or missing transfusion course records that 30.71%, 21.14%, 20.77%, 19.66%, 23.28%, 18.10%. The average Grade A rate in the surgical system(21.42%) was lower than that in the internal medicine system(48.34%). Conclusion Standardized training can effectively improve the quality of clinical blood transfusion records, which is of great significance for ensuring he safe use of blood in clinical practice.